Cybercriminology

Preface

PART 1. THE NATURE AND EXTENT OF CYBERCRIME
Chapter 1. Cybercrime and Cybercriminals: The Development of Cybercriminology
Cybercrime: The Basics
Cybercrime Categories
Cybertrespass and Cybervandalism
Cybertheft
Interpersonal Cybercrime
Cyberdeviance and Public Order Cybercrimes
Organized Cybercrime
Political Cybercrime

The Field of Cybercriminology
Case Study
Review Questions
Laws
Definitions
Endnotes

Chapter 2. Measuring Cybercrime
Uniform Crime Reporting Program
National Incident-Based Reporting System
Underreporting of Cybercrime

National Crime Victimization Survey
Other National Victimization Surveys
Self-Report Survey
National Computer Security Survey
Other Business Surveys
International Measurements of Cybercrime
Case Study
Review Questions
Laws
Definitions
Endnotes

Chapter 3. Cybervictimization
Being a Cybervictim and All That It Entails
The Profile of a Cybervictim

Victimization Theories
Victim Precipitation Theory
Lifestyle Exposure Theory
Routine Activities Theory
Case Study
Review Questions
Definitions
Endnotes

PART 2. CYBERCRIME CAUSATION AND REDUCTION
Chapter 4. Cybercrime, Rational Choice, and Emotions: Punishment and Reduction of Cyberoffending
The Reasoning Cybercriminal
Seductions and Repulsions of Cybercrime
Punishing Cybercriminals
Retributive Perspective
, Cybercriminals Getting Their "Just Deserts"
Utilitarian Perspective
, Incapacitation and Rehabilitation
, Deterrence

Reducing Cybercrime
Cybercrime Laws
Cybercrime Enforcement
Situational Crime Prevention
Case Study
Review Questions
Laws
Definitions
Endnotes

Chapter 5. Cybercrime and the Propensity to Offend
The Positivist School and Trait Theories
Cybercriminals: Born That Way
, Physiological Characteristics
, Brain Abnormalities
, Hormones

The Intelligence of Cybercriminals and the Psychology of Cybercrime: The New Positivists
Intelligence
Mental Disorders
Personality Theories
Psychoanalytical Theories
Attachment Theory

Internet Addiction and Cybercrime
Measuring Internet Addiction
Treatment
Case Study
Review Questions
Laws
Definitions
Endnotes

Chapter 6. Cybercrime, Culture, and Inequality
Chicago School of Criminology
Social Disorganization Theory
, Social Capital and Collective Efficacy
—Cyberspace: Applying the Broken Windows Theory

Anomie Theory
Institutional Anomie Theory
Relative Deprivation Theory
General Strain Theory
Cultural Deviance Theories
Delinquent Subculture Theory
Differential Opportunity Theory
Subcultures in the Virtual Environment
Case Study
Review Questions
Definitions
Endnotes

Chapter 7. Conformity, Learning, and Sources of Social Control
Controlling Cybercriminality
Learning Cybercriminality
Neutralizing Cyberoffenses
Moral Disengagement
Disinhibition, Deindividuation, and Anonymity
Developmental and Life-Course Cybercriminology
Latent Trait Perspective
, A General Theory of Cybercrime
Life-Course Perspective
Case Study
Review Questions
Laws
Definitions
Endnotes

Chapter 8. Constructing and Reacting to Cybercrime: Labeling and Moral Panics
Labeling Cybercriminals
Shaming, Censorship, and Defiance
Cybercriminals as "The Others"
Moral Panics
, The Literature on Moral Panics
, The Internet Gaming Moral Panic
Case Study
Review Questions
Laws
Definitions
Endnotes

Chapter 9. Conflict Cybercriminology: Cybercrime, Power, and Gender
Marxist Criminology
Left Realism
Peacemaking Criminology
Feminist Criminology
Variations in Cybercriminality: Mind the Gender Gap
Cyberfeminism

#GamerGate
Case Study
Review Questions
Laws
Definitions
Endnotes

PART 3. CYBERCRIME TYPOLOGIES
Chapter 10. Interpersonal Cybercrime
Internet Trolls
Cyberstalking
Criminalizing and Responding to Cyberstalking

Cyberharassment
Criminalizing and Responding to Cyberharassment
Revenge Porn as Cyberharassment

Cyberbullying
Criminalizing and Responding to Cyberbullying

Sextortion
Online Child Sexual Predation
Online Child Grooming
Criminalizing and Responding to Internet Sex Offenders and Child Pornography

Sexting
Controlling Interpersonal Cybercrime
Case Study
Review Questions
Laws
Definitions
Endnotes

Chapter 11. Cybertrespass, Cybervandalism, and Cybertheft
Cybertrespass and Cybervandalism
Hacking
Malware
Denial of Service and Distributed Denial of Service Attacks
Website Defacement

Cybertheft
Cyberidentity Theft
, Data Breaches
, Medical Identity Theft
, Internet of Things
Intellectual Property Theft

Controlling Cybertrespass, Cybervandalism, and Cybertheft
Case Study
Review Questions
Laws
Definitions
Endnotes

Chapter 12. Deviant Cyberacts and Public Order Cybercrimes: Paraphilia, Prostitution, Substance Abuse, and Gambling
The Relationship Between Law and Morality
Cyberdeviance
Paraphilia Online

Public Order Cybercrimes
Prostitution
, Facilitation of Prostitution via the Internet
—Can a Website Be a House of Prostitution?
—Prostitution: There Is An App for That
, Escorts: Prostitutes With a Different Name?
, Juvenile Prostitution
, Cyberprostitution, Cybersex, and Cyberpornography
Substance Abuse and Drugs Online
, Online Pharmacies
—Differentiating Licit, Illicit, and Fake Online Pharmacies
Internet Gambling
, Licit and Illicit Online Gambling Sites
, Regulating Internet Gambling

Controlling Cyberdeviance and Public Order Cybercrimes
Case Study
Review Questions
Laws
Definitions
Endnotes

Chapter 13. Organized Cybercrime
Organized Cybercrime: An Introduction
Activities of Organized Cybercriminals
Crime as a Service
Money Laundering
Drug Trafficking
Surface Web vs. Deep Web
, Darknet: The Underworld of Cyberspace
—Silk Road

Nature and Extent of Human Trafficking
Human Traffickers: Targets and Tactics of Control
Human Traffickers: Online Tactics
Organ Trafficking

Firearms Trafficking
Cigarette Trafficking
Wildlife Trafficking
Controlling Organized Cybercrime
Case Study
Review Questions
Laws
Definitions
Endnotes

Chapter 14. Political Cybercrime
Types of Political Cybercrime
Hacktivism
Cyberespionage
Cyberterrorism
Cyberwarfare
, Laws of War: Can They Be Applied to Cyberspace?

Controlling Political Cybercrime
Case Study
Review Questions
Laws
Definitions
Endnotes

Table of Laws
Index